The Battle for God

There was a growing conviction that religion had to become as rational as modern science.

people are finding that in their dramatically transformed circumstances, the old forms of faith no longer work for them: they cannot provide the enlightenment and consolation that human beings seem to need.

Unless we find some significance in our lives, we mortal men and women fall very easily into despair.

When I see the blind and wretched state of men, when I survey the whole universe in its deadness and man left to himself with no light, as though lost in this corner of the universe without knowing who put him there, what he has to do, what will become of him when he dies, incapable of knowing anything, I am moved to terror, like a man transported in his sleep to some terrifying desert island, who wakes up quite lost with no means of escape. Then I marvel that so wretched a state does not drive people to despair.19

By using feminist arguments, for which most had little or no sympathy, as part of their propaganda, the colonialists tainted the cause of feminism in the Muslim world, and helped to distort the faith by introducing an imbalance that had not existed before.83 The

The best lack all conviction, while the worst Are full of passionate intensity.1

the moral and spiritual imperatives of religion are important for humanity and should not be relegated unthinkingly to the scrap heap of history in the interests of an unfettered rationalism.

Fundamentalist faith was rooted in deep fear and anxiety that could not be assuaged by a purely rational argument.

We shall often find in our story that the religious behavior of people who have not been major beneficiaries of modernity articulates a strongly felt need for the spiritual,

included: no religious doctrine or practice can be authentic if it does not lead to practical compassion.

the sacred reality is not simply transcendent, “out there,” but is enshrined in every single human being, who must, therefore, be treated with absolute honor and respect.

Again, what works well in the spiritual domain can become destructive and even immoral if interpreted literally and practically in the mundane world. It

The American critic Susan Sontag has noted a “perennial discontent with language,” which has surfaced in Eastern and Western civilizations whenever “thought reaches a certain, high excruciating order of complexity and spiritual seriousness.